A high price for crude oil leads to an increased price for gasoline, which means fewer miles driven. Right?
It depends. In the U.S., the data show the market working according to Econ. 101 supply-and-demand principles:
A report to be released Monday by the Transportation Department shows that over the past seven months, Americans have reduced their driving by more than 40 billion miles. Because of high gasoline prices, they drove 3.7% fewer miles in May than they did a year earlier, the report says, more than double the 1.8% drop-off seen in April.
But in countries whose governments make gasoline more affordable through subsidies, demand for oil is increasing, even as the price of crude oil hovers around $125 a barrel:
…[I]n countries with subsidies, demand is still rising steeply, threatening to outstrip the growth in global supplies.
Nations with these subsidies are largely responsible for driving up oil demand–and consequently, the cost of fuel for everyone else:
The oil company BP, known for thorough statistical analysis of energy markets, estimates that countries with subsidies accounted for 96 percent of the world’s increase in oil use last year — growth that has helped drive prices to record levels.
It’s hard to see how these governments, especially those with a loose grip on power, could eliminate these subsidies. For now, it looks like the subsidies and higher gas prices are here to stay.